Fishonomics/Mahi (Dolphinfish)
Florida Keys field guide

Mahi (Dolphinfish).

Coryphaena hippurus

Blue-water schoolers. Weed lines, frigates, neon body, table-fish prize.

Behavior

How they feed in the Keys

Mahi are the most-targeted blue-water species in the Keys — schools of 2–10 lb "schoolies" hold under weed lines, debris, and frigate-bird activity 100–600 feet offshore, while bull dolphin (males 25–60 lbs) cruise solo or in pairs on the same structure. The Florida Stream edge from Islamorada to Key West is mahi country every spring through fall. The fishery is visual: you're scanning for weed lines, bird activity, sargassum mats, and any floating debris that holds bait.

Water temp

75–84°F

Active 72–86°F · Follow warm water bands

Tide

Less direct (offshore species).

Current

Gulf Stream edge and eddies concentrate bait and mahi. The transition between green inshore water and blue Stream water is the magic line.

Weather

Sunny + light wind for spotting weed lines and bird activity. 1–3 ft seas perfect.

Pressure

Stable.

Time of day

All day, mid-morning peak. Bull dolphin often eat first thing in the morning.

Moon phase

Some lunar correlation but less specific than reef species.

Tidal coefficient

Less direct.

Pitch bait

Always have a pitch rod rigged with a live pilchard or pinfish. When a schoolie eats trolled ballyhoo, leave it in the water — it brings the school to the boat.

Frigate birds

A diving frigate is mahi or tuna under it. A high-flying frigate is hunting; circle nearby for activity.

Seasonality

12-month outlook

Peak · Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, SepSpawn · Apr, May, Jun
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
PeakGoodOKSlowPoorSpawn window
Bait

What they eat, what catches them

Top 3 baits
1

Trolled ballyhoo

The ocean-running standard. Skirted on Islander or sea-witch, 6–8 knots.

2

Live pilchard or pinfish (pitch)

Pitch live bait into a school holding around the boat after the first hookup.

3

Ballyhoo strip on jig

Sight cast to fish under weed lines. Light spin.

Alternates
  • Squid + skirt· Trolling alternative when ballyhoo is unavailable.
  • Topwater plug· Aggressive bull dolphin will crush a Spook on the surface.
When to use what
  • Trolling the Stream edge

    4-rod spread of skirted ballyhoo at 6–8 knots, 60–600 ft of water along the color change.

  • Sight-casting weed lines

    Pitch live pilchard or ballyhoo strip + jig from a stationary boat to fish you can see.

Gear

How top captains rig it

Line

Conventional: 30–50 lb mono. Spin: 30–50 lb braid for pitch.

Reel

Conventional 30–50 lb class. Spin 6000–8000.

Rod

Trolling: 6'6" stand-up class. Spin: 7' medium-heavy.

Leader

60–80 lb fluorocarbon.

Setups by situation
  • 4-rod trolling spread

    30 lb conventional + skirted ballyhoo + 80 lb fluoro leader. 4 rods at varied distances behind the boat.

  • Pitch rod

    7' medium-heavy spin + 30 lb braid + 50 lb fluoro + 5/0 circle + live pilchard. Always rigged on the bow.

Regulations

Recreational rules

Size limit

20" fork length minimum.

Bag limit

10 per harvester per day, 60 per vessel maximum.

Season

Open year-round.

Prohibited methods

Spearing legal in many areas.

Note · Bag and vessel limits provide ample harvest opportunity for typical recreational trips.

Recreational rules · FWCVerify current rules at FWC →
Bite-score factors

What actually moves the bite

Each factor is rated by how much it shifts the bite for this fish in the Keys. Calibrated against the Bite Score weights — see the Bite Score reference for what each factor measures.

Not ImportantImportant
Water Temp
95
Current Strength
85
Wind
85
Wave Height
65
Dawn / Dusk
55
Wind vs Sea
55
Barometer
50
Moon Phase
40
Incoming Tide
30
Outgoing Tide
30
Slack Tide
20
For sport fishing reference only · Not for navigationField guide · Fishonomics